You might have better luck checking the Teensy forums/howtos.
I have no idea what exactly is wrong, so I'm just going to outline all the steps you need to do;
1) Install Arduino & Teensy (For 3.6, I recommend the latest beta Teensy version)
2) Windows/Mac may also need some sort of driver installation. I'm not sure if this happens automatically when you install the Teensy software or not. The "driver" is just an INF file which maps the USB ids to the right driver.
3) Plug a teensy into a USB port. If you never programmed it before it should start blinking. (Unless you cut the V-USB pads apart. If you did that you also need to power the Teensy externally.)
4) Start up Arduino, Load a sketch and select the right board. Also make sure that that you select "USB Type: Serial", or the serial monitor won't work.
5) If you're using your sketch as listed here, remove this line: while(true);
6) Click upload. After compilation the teensy programming utility should show up, and programming should begin automatically. If it doesn't, press the programming button on the teensy.
9) Teensy should stop blinking, and if you open the serial console (Ctrl-Shift-M) you should see the printline repeated every 290 ms.